Suchergebnisse

Using real world accident data, seat belts were estimated to be 61% effective at preventing fatalities, and 32% effective at preventing serious injuries. They were most effective for drivers with an airbag. Seat belts were estimated as having prevented 57,000 fatalities and 213,000 seriously injured casualties in the UK since 1983. Seat belt legislation was estimated to have prevented 31,000 fatalities and 118,000 seriously injured casualties. A future increase in effective seat belt wearing rate (which takes into account seating position) in the UK from 92.5% to 93% may prevent casualties valued at a societal cost of over -£18 million per year. To target a seat belt campaign, the question "who doesn"t wear seat belts?" must be answered. Seat belt wearing rates and the number of unbelted casualties were analysed. It was primarily young adult males who didn"t wear seat belts, and they made up the majority of unbelted fatalities and seriously injured casualties.

"Motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death for people age 5-34. Adult seat belt use is the single most effective way to save lives and reduce injuries in crashes. The percentage of adults who always wear seat belts increased from 80% to 85% between 2002 and 2008. Even so, 1 in 7 adults do not wear a seat belt on every trip. Primary enforcement seat belt laws make a big difference in getting more people to buckle up. In 2010, 19 states--where 1 in 4 adult Americans live--did not have a primary law." -p. 1 ; Fact sheet released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services (OSELS) in association with: Vital signs: nonfatal, motor vehicle--occupant injuries (2009) and seat belt use (2008) among adults--United States., published: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Jan 7;59(51):1681-6. ; "CS219341-D." ; "January 2011." ; "Publication date: 01/04/2011." ; Title from title screen (viewed January 23, 2011). ; Introduction -- Latest findings -- Who's at risk? -- U.S. state information -- What can be done -- Social media ; Mode of access: World Wide Web ; Text document (PDF).

The accessibility of seat belts was determined in a total sample of 200 taxicabs waiting to pick up passengers at eight city airports. A rear seat belt was "accessible" (able to be fastened within 10 seconds) in 111 (55.5 per cent) taxicabs. The proportion varied by city from 16.0 per cent (New York City) to 96.0 per cent (Minneapolis-St. Paul) and was higher for taxicabs in cities covered by mandatory state seat belt legislation.

We report a retrospective study of 378 perforating eye injuries presenting between August 1981 and July 1984 to four major teaching hospitals. The aetiological groups have been analysed together and by region, and preventive measures for some groups are discussed. We have confirmed the effectiveness of seat belt legislation in reducing serious eye injury.

Introduction: The use of seat belts has made a significant contribution to the reduction of road traffic casualties, and the risk inherent with not wearing seat belts in all seats of a vehicle is now well-known worldwide. The use of seat belts has a major role in reducing fatal and nonfatal injuries in all types of motor-vehicles crashes. Aim: The aim of this study is to understand the reasons behind the variation in seat belt use over the past two decades in Lebanon. It analyzes the situation and suggests recommendations to improve seat belt use in Lebanon. Design: Nine observational studies had been conducted in Lebanon during the last two decades between 1997 and 2017, and one qualitative study was performed in 2017. Results: The results show a significant variation in the use of the seat belt. When enforcement efforts are in progress, seat belt use increases. While when there are no checkpoints and the enforcement of seat belt use is almost absent, a significant fall was noticed. Discussion: The results of this study proved the failure of the Lebanese government in saving hundreds of lives just by a simple measure of enforcing seat belt law. Although experiences from various countries prove that such laws usually have a long-lasting effect on seat belt use, Lebanon failed to pursue the successful implementation of this law due to security and political problems. Conclusion: During the past two decades, Lebanon witnessed continuous fluctuations in seat belt use. Outside few short enforcement campaigns, our observations showed lack in seat belt use. Our observations of seat belt use among drivers and front seat passengers showed a significant correlation between seat belt use and the enforcement of seat belt law. The greatest national benefits from seat belt use are obtained when wearing rates are very high. This can be achieved only through a sustained enforcement campaign alongside other seat belt wearing interventions such as publicity and education. © 2019 Open Public Health Journal. All rights reserved.

Since the passage of mandatory passive restraint legislation (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 208) in 1984, numerous investigators have examined patterns of use among the different types of restraint systems and user populations. In this paper, we review the available data on usage patterns in automatic shoulder belt and manual lap belt systems. The restraint systems involving automatic shoulder belts have generally been regarded as highly successful in increasing the use rates of shoulder belts for American drivers (frequently greater than 90%). At the same time, the use of the manual lap belt with automatic shoulder belts remains roughly similar to the use rate for manual three-point systems. We also review studies of driver's knowledge about the existence and importance of the elements of these automatic systems. These findings have potential application for the design of manual and automatic restraint systems in automobiles.

14th Meeting of the Euro Working Group on Transp. - In Quest for Adv. Models, Tools, and Methods for Transp. and Logist., EWGT, 26th Mini-EURO Conf. - Intelligent Decis. Making in Transp. and Logist., MEC, 1st Eur. Sci. Conf. on Air Transp. - RH -- 6 September 2011 through 9 September 2011 -- Poznan -- ; Antalya is an important tourism city and located on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. According to the Turkey Statistical Institute, approximately 7.5 million tourists visit Antalya each year. Turkey has a bad reputation about traffic safety. The rate of usage seat belt is too much high level like 80-90 percent in the developed countries. As a developing country, in Turkey, the rate of usage seat belt is one of the biggest matters. According to different studies, seat belt usage rate is below the 20% in Turkey. Therefore, if this ratio could increase, fatalities can be decreased. In this study, causes of this low ratio investigated about Antalya, changes in last year and difference between city centre and intercity roads and differences according to gender discussed and some arrangements suggested to increasing the ratio. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

This report describes the methods and analyses used in the study of the effects of compulsory seat belt wearing law in Victoria and presents results on wearing rates, driver attitudes, and the effect of seat belts in accidents. Considerable savings in casualties have accrued from 1971 to the present time. Current wearing rates are around 90%, and probably 14,000 casualties have been saved over four years, 1971–1974.

Evidence demonstrating the advantages of seat belts in improving safety of road travel is overwhelming and has resulted in government legislation. This study was performed to investigate compliance with this legislation by fast-moving traffic on British motorways, for which no previous data exists. Analysis of seat belt use by 2564 travellers in 1526 cars in October 1992 revealed the following rates of use: drivers 98%; front passengers 96%; rear seat passengers with available belts 53%. The overall low rate of rear seat restraint use was seen in all age groups except babies. When the study was repeated 8 months later, the rates of restraint amongst 3910 travellers in 1881 cars had not increased. In view of the continuing heavy death toll on British motorways and roads, there is an obvious need for measures to improve rear seat belt use. This would be most appropriately achieved by both enforcing and publicizing the current legislation.

2009 წლის აგვისტოდან, სომხეთის მთავრობის ინიციატივით, მთელს ქვეყანაში უსაფრთხოების ღვედის ტარება სავალდებულო გახდა, საჭირო განათლებით თუ ცნობიერების ამაღლებისათვის აუცილებელი ღონისძიებებით უზრუნველყოფის გარეშე. მიუხედავად იმისა, რომ ღვედის გამოყენება მნიშვნელოვნად გაიზარდა ქვეყანაში, რჩება ცნობიერებასთან დაკავშირებული წინააღმდეგობები, ასევე კულტურული დაბრკოლებები, რომელიც სერიოზულ საფრთხეს წარმოადგენს პოლიტიკის ეფექტური განხორციელების მიმართულებით. აქედან გამომდინარე, სტატია გვთავაზობს, დაინტერესებულმა მხარეებმა ერთდროულად მოახდინონ რეაგირება მძღოლების არასწორ და ღვედის ტარების ნეგატიურ აღქმებთან დაკავშირებით, რაც სათავეს იღებს საზოგადოების აღნიშნული ჯგუფის მიერ ვაჟკაცობისა და ვაჯკაცური საქციელის გაგებიდან.

The mandatory seat belt law is among the most recent of a long list of highway and vehicle safety regulations aimed at reducing the risk of injury in motor vehicle accidents. In this article the effects of this law on seat belt use, on the number of accidents, and on the number of fatal and severe injuries on rural interstate highways in Ohio are evaluated. There is little doubt about the efficacy of seat belts in reducing the severity of injuries incurred in an automobile accident, but the policy implications of that fact are not obvious. The article concludes with a discussion of the questions that must be answered in order to support policy formulation and implementation.

The danger compensation principle contends that the use of such vehicle safety features as seat belts may induce drivers to take greater risks. To test for this hypothesized effect, observational data on seat belt usage and driver risk taking were collected on 4812 drivers in Ontario, Canada, where seat belt usage is required by law. The hypothesized effect would result in higher risks taken by drivers compelled to wear seat belts, as indicated by closer following in freeway driving. Such an effect was sought by observing the difference between user and nonuser following headways and comparing it with a corresponding difference previously reported for Michigan, which has no mandatory usage law. The comparison provided no evidence of danger compensation behavior in car following. It was therefore concluded that this study presents no evidence that the safety benefits of seat belts would be diminished or neutralized by greater driver risk taking.